Wednesday
Aug. 6, 2014
The Coffee Cup
The newspaper, the coffee cup, the dog's
impatience for his morning walk:
These fibers braid the ordinary mystery.
After the marriage of lovers
the children came, and the schoolbus
that stopped to pick up the children,
and the expected death of the retired
mailman Anthony "Cat" Middleton
who drove the schoolbus for a whole
schoolyear, a persistence enduring
forever in the soul of Marilyn
who was six years old that year.
We dug a hole for him. When his widow
Florence sold the Cape and moved to town
to live near her daughter, the Mayflower
van was substantial and unearthly.
Neither lymphoma nor a brown-and-white
cardigan twenty years old
made an exception, not elbows nor
Chevrolets nor hills cutting blue
shapes on blue sky, not Maple Street
nor Main, not a pink-striped canopy
on an ice cream store, not grass.
It was ordinary that on the day
of Cat's funeral the schoolbus arrived
driven by a woman called Mrs. Ek,
freckled and thin, wearing a white
bandana and overalls, with one
eye blue and the other gray. Everything
is strange; nothing is strange:
yarn, the moon, gray hair in a bun,
New Hampshire, putting on socks.
Today is the birthday of Alfred, Lord Tennyson (books by this author), born in Lincolnshire, England (1809). He's said to have been one of the three most famous people in Britain in his day — as famous as Queen Victoria and William Gladstone, the prime minister. Tennyson had a turbulent upbringing. His father, the eldest son, was passed over for inheritance in favor of a younger brother, and was forced to take a position in the church. George Tennyson became bitter, and drank heavily, and took out his anger on his family. His mental instability was passed on to his children, all of whom suffered breakdowns or addictions of one kind or another during their lives. When he died, he left his widow and 11 children nothing but debt.
When Tennyson was 17, he published his first volume of poetry, which he co-authored with two of his brothers. He escaped to Cambridge later that year and made friends with several young men who were also interested in poetry. It was at Cambridge that he met Arthur Henry Hallam, a bright and promising fellow student who became Tennyson's closest friend. The two young men planned to write a volume of poetry together, but Hallam's father didn't approve of some of the verses, so Tennyson published Poems, Chiefly Lyrical himself in 1830. Hallam fell in love with Tennyson's sister Emily, and the two planned to marry. Tennyson's whole family was fond of Hallam, but the friendship was destined to be short-lived: Hallam died of a cerebral hemorrhage in 1833, four years after he and Tennyson met.
It was a difficult time for Tennyson. His father had recently died, leaving the family almost penniless. His collection, Poems (1832) — while generally well received and containing some of his most famous works, including "The Lady of Shalott" — drew a couple of scathing reviews that Tennyson fixated on. He said of that time, "I suffered what seemed to me to shatter all my life so that I desired to die rather than to live." He continued to write poetry, but refused to publish any of it for 10 years. His 1842 collection, Poems, Two Volumes, received high praise from nearly every reviewer.
Seventeen years after Hallam's death, Tennyson published his 3,000-line monument to grief: In Memoriam A.H.H. (1850). In it, he gathered together the shorter poems he had written in his grief over Hallam's death. Tennyson married his on-again, off-again sweetheart, Emily Sellwood, right after In Memoriam was published. He returned from his honeymoon to find that the book-length poem was a huge success, and later that year, he succeeded William Wordsworth as poet laureate. He became a huge celebrity, receiving invitations to political and society events as well as literary ones. He couldn't walk through London without attracting a throng of followers, and his home was a popular attraction for nosy tourists. Prince Albert had been a fan of Tennyson's for a few years and had even dropped in on him unannounced at his home on the Isle of Wight. After Albert's death in 1861, Queen Victoria invited Tennyson to pay a visit to the royal residence of Osborne, and the two developed a real affection for one another. The queen turned often to Tennyson's verse to help her through the loss of her husband, and she wrote in her diary, "Next to the Bible, In Memoriam is my comfort." The poem includes the famous lines:
I hold it true, whate'er befall;
I feel it when I sorrow most;
'Tis better to have loved and lost
Than never to have loved at all.
It was on this day in 1965 that Lyndon Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act that ended the long era of voter discrimination in many Southern states. Johnson had been delaying legislation on voting rights because he thought it was too soon for it to succeed. But after a group of civil rights marchers were attacked in Selma, Alabama, he gave a speech on TV, in which he said: "I speak tonight for the dignity of man and the destiny of democracy. The command of the Constitution is plain. There is no moral issue. It is wrong to deny any of your fellow Americans the right to vote [...] it is all of us who must overcome the crippling legacy of bigotry and injustice. And we shall overcome."
That was the first time the president of the United States had ever used the phrase, "We shall overcome." Martin Luther King Jr. was watching the address on TV that night, and he later said that when he heard Lyndon Johnson say the words "we shall overcome," he burst into tears. The president signed the legislation a few months later, on this day in 1965.
It's the birthday of Sir Alexander Fleming, the bacteriologist who discovered the antibacterial properties of penicillin. He was born in Lochfield, Scotland, in 1881. He came into his lab one morning in 1928 to discover he'd left the lid off a petri dish containing a Staphylococcus culture. The culture had become contaminated by a blue-green mold, and Fleming noted that right around the moldy spots, the bacteria were no longer growing. He isolated the mold and determined it was Penicillium notatum. His first thought was that it would be useful as a surface disinfectant, and he subsequently proved that it was effective against bacterial influenza. He later said, "One sometimes finds what one is not looking for."
It's the birthday in Boston, 1909, of children's author Norma Farber (books by this author), who wrote all kinds of books including nonsense ballads, instructional alphabets, counting stories, all of which were written in rhyme and meant to be read aloud. She is best known for As I Was Crossing the Boston Common, which won the 1976 National Book Award; a turtle narrates the book, and tells about the animals he meets one day as he crosses the Boston Common, creatures that parade by him in alphabetical order.
It's the birthday of Pop artist Andy Warhol, born Andrew Warhola in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (1928). The son of an immigrant coal miner from Czechoslovakia, he went to school in Pittsburgh, then moved to New York City, where he started his career as a commercial illustrator. He started painting in the 1950s and burst on the scene in 1962 with an exhibit in Los Angeles that featured his famous silk-screen image of a Campbell's soup can.
It's the birthday of American historian Richard Hofstadter (books by this author), born in Buffalo, New York (1916). He wrote 13 books, two of which won the Pulitzer Prize for history: The Age of Reform (1955) and Anti-Intellectualism in American Life (1964).
And it was on this day in 1945 that the United States dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima, Japan. It was the first time that a nuclear weapon was ever used in warfare, and only the second time that a nuclear weapon had ever been exploded. It was dropped over Hiroshima at 8:15 in the morning. It exploded 1,900 feet above the ground. Capt. Robert Lewis watched the explosion from his cockpit and wrote in his journal, "My God, what have we done?"
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